Захват: seizure, capture
What we
translators don’t do for our profession! For months now I’ve been studying
Donald Trump in English and in translation to try to discover the secret of his
popularity among Russians. As I discovered last week, President Trump can thank
Russian translators for making him sound more presidential, more coherent, and
more grown-up in Russian.
Now that is
not to say that translating The Donald has been smooth sailing for my Russian
colleagues. They are sometimes clearly befuddled by Trumpese. For example, the
translators had a hard time understanding what Trump told the Republicans to do
if the Democrats tried to filibuster his nomination of Neil Gorsuch to the
Supreme Court. “If we end up with that gridlock I would say if you can,
Mitch, go nuclear,” he said.
The
translators wisely ignored the direct quote and put their hopes on a
paraphrase. If negotiations broke down, they wrote, в арсенале республиканцов имеется “ядерный
вариант” (the Republicans have the “nuclear option” in their arsenal).
That’s a pretty good translation — it is colorful and reads well. The only problem?Average Russian readers — heck, above-average
English readers — would have absolutely no idea what that nuclear option is. Are
the Republicans going to drop a nuclear bomb on the Democrats? No people, no
problem?
In another
case, translators clearly didn’t have a Middle Eastern expert nearby or easy
access to Wikipedia. Trump tweeted, “Iran is rapidly taking over more and more
of Iraq,” and no one could figure out if the take-over was literal or
figurative. Throwing geopolitical caution into the wind, one translated it as Иран
быстро захватывает Ирак (Iran is quickly occupying Iraq). Another translator at
another publication agreed, and in fact thought the phrase needed some drama: Иран
быстро поглощает все больше и больше Ирака (Iran is quickly swallowing up more
and more of Iraq).
But other
translators thought there was a war of influence being waged: Иран имеет все
больше влияние на территории Ирака (Iran has more influence on Iraqi territory)
or Иран устанавливает все более ощутимый контроль над территориями Ирака (Iran
is establishing more palpable control over Iraqi territory). So depending on
what Russian publication you were reading, Trump was either accusing Iran of
grabbing land in Iraq or exerting soft power.
Most
amusingly, sometimes Russian publications seem to forget what language Trump
speaks. Take this recent tweet about Crimea:
For eight years Russia “ran over” President Obama, got stronger and
stronger, picked-off Crimea and added missiles.
For some
reason, a slew of translators — or perhaps it was the Russian media they worked
for — became obsessed with the phrase “picked-off” (sic). Трамп подобрал новое слово для перехода Крыма
к России (Trump chose a new word for the transfer of Crimea to Russia). Раньше
он назвал его “захватом” (Before he called it a land grab.) One publication
claimed that because of his use of the word захватон потерял симпатии российского телевидения (he lost popularity with
Russian television).
So what new
word did Trump use? Перехватить. The word can mean intercepting someone or something — getting it
first. Here the implication is: Russia grabbed Crimea before the Americans
could.
That is,
indeed, a highly significant admission by the U.S. President.
But wait a
minute. Donald Trump doesn’t speak Russian. He didn’t write захват or перехват. He wrote “picked-off.”
Unless… they
know something we don’t? Maybe Trump’s problems with English are because he’s
really a native speaker of Russian? Hold onto your hats.
Michele A. Berdy is a Moscow-based translator and interpreter, author of “The Russian Word’s Worth,” a collection of her columns. Follow her on Twitter @MicheleBerdy.